как все начиналось.., история Опции

[digiman]

DUB
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Osbourne Ruddock (better known as King Tubby) was born in 1941 in Kingston, and worked as an electronics engineer (repairing radios and televisions) though out the 1960s. He owned a sound system (called 'Home Town Hi-Fi') by 1968, and used unique echo and reverb effects which set him aside from the competition. During this time, he also worked for Duke Reid at Treasure Isle Studio as the master cutter, cutting acetates(15). These 'one off' disc were designed to gain a competitive edge over rival sound system operators via their exclusivity. Ruddock was mixing one of these 'dub' versions when he accidently left out portions of the vocal track from the recording. On listening back, he decided he liked the effect of just having the bed track by itself and played it on his sound system.

He took it to a dance and played the vocal, which everybody knew, then played the dub plate of this rhythm track and people couldn't believe it.(16)

These new 'versions' of popular songs (combined with the unique effects of his sound system) soon saw Tubby's 'Hometown Hi-fi' become extremely popular(17). In addition Tubby had started working along side deejay Edwart Beckford, known in the dance hall as U Roy, who had begun answering the vocal sentiments of the singers with his own brand of outrageous jive talk. This vocal style known as 'toasting' is widely accepted as a precursor to 'rapping' (18).

In 1972 Ruddock set up a tiny studio at 18 Bromilly Avenue in Waterhouse (a district in Kingston), he began to experiment with these instrumental recordings using various home built electronic effect devices such as reverb, delay and equalizers, and started to further manipulate the sound of these instrumental songs. He acquired a disc-cutter and a two-track tape machine, and using his home made mixer, started working closely with producers like Bunny Lee and Lee 'Scratch' Perry. Together with Perry he made the stereo dub album 'Blackboard Jungle' in 1973.

Joe Gibbs of 'Amalgamated' soon saw the potential of these instrumentals, and instructed Errol Thompson (Gibb's engineer at Randy's 'Studio 17') to start putting instrumental/rhythm versions on B-sides of singles, which he called 'dub'. Tubby bought a four-track mixing board from Dynamic Studio and, with his background in electronics, he was able to specially-customized this equipment to include faders. This enabled him to slide tracks in or out of the mix smoothly, giving Tubby the edge over his rival, Errol Thompson who had to punch tracks in more abruptly, using buttons. In 1974, Tubby started working closely with Bunny Lee, who supplied hundreds of rhythms, and recorded all his hit artists at Ruddock's studio (including Johnnie Clarke and Cornell Campbell). The studio now contained many effect devices, such as an echo delay which Tubby had made by passing a loop of tape over the heads of an old two-track machine


Взято отсюда:
http://www.geocities.com/EnchantedForest/M.../8887/dub/#N_2_

впрочем там обо всем с самого начала, т.е. с 50ых...

[digiman]

паруски сложнее.. (IMG:http://southrap.ru/forum/style_emoticons/default/wink.gif)
до сих пор никто у нас о возникновении рэггей, даба и тд внятных статей не написал..